Symptoms of Advanced Stage Kidney Failure in Cats

Kidney failure in cats is a serious and progressive condition that can significantly impact your feline friend’s health. Understanding the symptoms of advanced stage kidney failure in cats is essential for pet owners, as early detection and proper veterinary care can improve your cat’s quality of life. In this blog, we will explore the signs and symptoms of advanced stage kidney failure in cats, providing detailed information to help you recognize and address this condition. If you notice any of these symptoms in your cat, call University Veterinary Hospital in Shreveport, LA, at (318) 797-5522 or request an appointment online.

What is Kidney Failure in Cats?

Kidney failure, also known as renal failure, occurs when a cat’s kidneys can no longer perform their essential functions, including filtering waste products from the blood, regulating electrolytes, and maintaining fluid balance. Kidney failure in cats can be acute or chronic. Acute kidney failure happens suddenly and is often reversible with prompt treatment, while chronic kidney failure develops over time and is usually not curable.

Symptoms of Advanced Stage Kidney Failure in Cats

As kidney failure progresses, the symptoms become more severe and noticeable. Understanding these signs can help you take timely action and seek veterinary care for your cat.

Increased Thirst and Urination

One of the earliest and most common signs of kidney failure in cats is increased thirst (polydipsia) and increased urination (polyuria). As the kidneys lose their ability to concentrate urine, your cat may drink more water and urinate more frequently. In advanced stages, this symptom becomes more pronounced, and you may notice your cat drinking excessively and having accidents outside the litter box.

Dehydration

Despite drinking more water, cats with advanced stage kidney failure often become dehydrated. This occurs because the kidneys are unable to retain water effectively. Signs of dehydration include dry gums, sunken eyes, and reduced skin elasticity. You can check your cat’s hydration level by gently pinching the skin between their shoulder blades; if the skin does not quickly return to its normal position, your cat may be dehydrated.

Weight Loss and Poor Appetite

Weight loss is a common symptom of advanced stage kidney failure in cats. As the condition progresses, your cat may lose interest in food and become increasingly lethargic. This can lead to significant weight loss and muscle wasting. A poor appetite may also be accompanied by nausea and vomiting, which are common in cats with kidney failure.

Lethargy and Weakness

Cats with advanced kidney failure often exhibit lethargy and weakness. They may spend more time sleeping and show less interest in activities they once enjoyed. You may notice your cat having difficulty jumping or climbing stairs, as their energy levels decrease and muscle weakness sets in.

Bad Breath and Oral Ulcers

Uremic toxins, which accumulate in the blood due to impaired kidney function, can cause bad breath (uremic halitosis) and oral ulcers. Cats with advanced stage kidney failure may develop a strong, ammonia-like odor to their breath. Additionally, oral ulcers can cause pain and discomfort, further contributing to a poor appetite and weight loss.

High Blood Pressure

Kidney failure can lead to high blood pressure (hypertension) in cats. High blood pressure can cause damage to various organs, including the eyes, heart, and brain. Symptoms of high blood pressure may include sudden blindness, seizures, and disorientation. Monitoring and managing blood pressure is crucial for cats with advanced kidney failure.

Anemia

Anemia, or a decrease in red blood cells, is another common symptom of advanced stage kidney failure in cats. The kidneys produce a hormone called erythropoietin, which stimulates red blood cell production. When the kidneys are damaged, they produce less erythropoietin, leading to anemia. Symptoms of anemia include pale gums, weakness, and a rapid heart rate.

Gastrointestinal Issues

Cats with advanced stage kidney failure often experience gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These symptoms are caused by the buildup of toxins in the blood, which can irritate the digestive tract. Chronic vomiting and diarrhea can lead to further dehydration and weight loss, compounding the severity of the condition.

Behavioral Changes

Behavioral changes are also common in cats with advanced kidney failure. Your cat may become more withdrawn, irritable, or display unusual behaviors such as howling or vocalizing at odd times. These changes can be a result of discomfort, pain, or the overall decline in their health.

The Importance of Regular Veterinary Check-Ups

Regular veterinary check-ups are crucial for monitoring your cat’s health, especially if they have been diagnosed with kidney disease. Early detection and management of kidney failure can help slow the progression of the disease and improve your cat’s quality of life. During these check-ups, your veterinarian can perform blood tests, urine tests, and blood pressure measurements to assess kidney function and overall health.

Managing Advanced Stage Kidney Failure in Cats

While chronic kidney failure is not curable, there are ways to manage the condition and provide your cat with a comfortable life. Your veterinarian may recommend a combination of treatments, including:

• Dietary Changes: A specialized diet that is low in phosphorus and protein can help reduce the workload on the kidneys and manage symptoms.
• Fluid Therapy: Subcutaneous fluids can help maintain hydration and support kidney function.
• Medications: Medications may be prescribed to manage symptoms such as high blood pressure, nausea, and anemia.
• Monitoring: Regular monitoring of kidney function and overall health is essential for adjusting treatment plans as needed.

Supportive Care for Cats with Advanced Kidney Failure

Providing supportive care for your cat can make a significant difference in their comfort and well-being. This includes ensuring they have access to fresh water, providing a comfortable and quiet resting area, and offering plenty of affection and attention. Work closely with your veterinarian to develop a care plan tailored to your cat’s needs.

Seeking Veterinary Help for Kidney Failure in Cats

Recognizing the symptoms of advanced stage kidney failure in cats and seeking prompt veterinary care is essential for managing this condition. If you notice any of the signs mentioned above, contact University Veterinary Hospital in Shreveport, LA, at (318) 797-5522 or request an appointment online. Our experienced veterinary team is here to provide compassionate care and support for your feline friend. Understanding and addressing the symptoms of advanced stage kidney failure in cats can help improve your pet’s quality of life and ensure they receive the best possible care.